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Hair Loss

Hair Loss

There are many types of hair loss, let´s review the most common ones.
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Androgenetic alopecia

Androgenetic alopecia is a common form of hair loss in both men and women. In men, this condition is also known as male-pattern baldness. Hair is lost in a well-defined pattern, beginning above both temples. Over time, the hairline recedes to form a characteristic “M” shape. Hair also thins at the crown (near the top of the head), often progressing to partial or complete baldness. There are many effective treatments for the initial phases of this condition.

Alopecia areata

Alopecia means hair loss. When a person has a medical condition called alopecia areata, the hair falls out in round patches. The hair can fall out on the scalp and elsewhere on the body.

Alopecia areata can cause different types of hair loss. Each of these types has a different name:

  • Alopecia areata (hair loss in patches)
  • Alopecia totalis (lose all hair on the scalp)
  • Alopecia universalis (lose all hair on the body)

Not everyone loses all of the hair on the scalp or body. This happens to about 5 percent of people. Hair often grows back but may fall out again.

Alopecia is related to stress and is not contagious. What happens is that the immune system attacks the hair follicles (structures that contain the roots of the hair), causing hair loss. This disease most often occurs in otherwise healthy people.

Hair often re-grows on its own. But the following may be prescribed to help the hair re-grow more quickly: Corticosteroids, Retinoides, and Minoxidil.

Seborrheic dermatitis

Dandruff is a common chronic scalp condition marked by itching and flaking of the skin on your scalp. There are different factors that can contribute to trigger SD like stress, fungal infection, humidity, extreme temperatures, but the good news is that dandruff can be controlled. Mild cases of dandruff may need nothing more than daily shampooing with a gentle cleanser. More stubborn cases of dandruff often respond to medicated shampoos and lotions.

Telogen effluvium

Under normal conditions, scalp hairs live for about three years (the anagen, or growing, phase); they then enter the telogen, or resting, phase. During the three-month telogen period, the hair root shrivels up into a small white “club,” then the hair falls out. It is therefore normal to lose about 100 hairs every day, more of them on days when shampooing loosens the hairs that are ready to fall out. The hairs are then replaced by the body.

Sometimes people worried about losing their hair start noticing hairs on their pillow or in the sink, not realizing that they’ve always been there. A close look at these will usually reveal the white club at the end, showing that these hairs were already dead. Normally, about 10% of scalp hairs are in the telogen phase.

There are several circumstances that alters the hair growth rhythm. As a result, as much as 30%-40% of the hairs can cycle into telogen. Three months later, hairs come out in a massive shedding (effluvium), especially near the front of the scalp. These include childbirth, high fever, sudden weight loss (crash dieting), surgery, some medication, severe illness, and severe stress or loss.

None of these has to be life-threatening, nor does hair loss always follow them. (It can happen after one pregnancy but not the next.) But when the hair falls out, it’s all over the place — covering the pillow, clogging the drain, and so forth. Paradoxically, the more dramatic the hair loss, the better the prognosis, because when the body gets back into normal rhythm, most if not all of that hair comes back. No special treatment is needed. Normal shampooing can continue, because this only loosens hairs that were going to come out anyway.

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